Lohagad

Lohagad Fort

In the Sahyadri range of Maharashtra, Lohagad Fort stands as an awe-inspiring testament to India’s historical grandeur. Rising 1,033 meters (3,389 feet) above sea level, this “Iron Fort” is a stunning fusion of nature’s beauty and human ingenuity. With a history spanning centuries and an architecture that continues to captivate explorers, Lohagad remains an unmissable destination for history buffs and adventure seekers alike.

The History

Lohagad Fort’s rich past is a tapestry woven with the reigns of multiple dynasties. Initially established during the Lohtamia dynasty in the 10th century CE, the fort soon became a coveted prize for rulers across the ages. Over time, it bore witness to the Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Yadavas, Bahamanis, Nizams, Mughals, and Marathas, each leaving an indelible mark on its strategic and cultural significance.

In 1648 AD, the legendary Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj seized Lohagad, recognizing its defensive and strategic importance. However, due to the Treaty of Purandar in 1665, he was forced to relinquish it to the Mughals. Undeterred, he recaptured the fort in 1670 AD and used it as a treasury vault to store the riches from his successful Surat campaign. Later, during the Peshwa era, statesman Nana Phadnavis sought refuge here, constructing essential structures like a large tank and step-well, which still stand as silent witnesses to history.

Beyond its military role, Lohagad also carries religious and spiritual significance. In September 2019, a group of trekkers from Pune discovered an ancient inscription in a cave on the fort’s southern face. Written in Jain Brahmi script and dating back to the 2nd or 1st century BC, the inscription suggests that the cave was once a Jain rock-cut sanctuary, adding yet another layer to Lohagad’s fascinating history.

The Architecture

Lohagad Fort’s architectural splendor lies in its robust military design and artistic craftsmanship. The fort boasts four grand gates—Ganesh Darwaja, Narayan Darwaja, Hanuman Darwaja, and Maha Darwaja—each narrating tales of war, resilience, and bygone eras. These gates, still largely intact, exhibit intricate carvings and remarkable masonry that highlight the exceptional engineering skills of the past.

One of Lohagad’s most breathtaking features is the ‘Vinchukada’, or ‘Scorpion’s Tail’—a long, narrow, fortified spur extending from the fort’s main structure. This naturally sculpted rock formation resembles a scorpion’s sting and offers panoramic views of the surrounding Sahyadri landscapes. A trek along this stretch is both thrilling and rewarding, making it a favorite among adventure lovers and photographers.

An Experience for Visitors

For adventure enthusiasts, Lohagad Fort offers an exhilarating yet accessible trekking experience. The most popular trail begins at Malavli Railway Station, approximately 10 kilometers away. This trek, taking 2-3 hours, winds through stunning landscapes and even passes the ancient Bhaja Caves, adding a rich cultural dimension to the journey.

For those preferring an easier approach, a motorable road from Lohagadwadi village leads up to the fort’s base, making it accessible throughout the year.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Lohagad Fort is between October and March. The weather is cool and pleasant, making trekking enjoyable. After the monsoon, the landscape remains lush green. The misty hills and clear skies create a breathtaking view. This season is ideal for nature lovers and adventure seekers.

The monsoon months from June to September also attract many visitors. During this time, the fort and the surrounding Sahyadri hills are covered in greenery. Waterfalls and streams add to the scenic beauty. However, the trails can be slippery and difficult to walk on. Trekkers should be careful while climbing.

Summer, from April to May, can be hot and humid. Trekking during this time can be tiring. If visiting in summer, it is best to start early in the morning or late in the evening. This helps avoid the intense afternoon heat.

For the best experience, visiting early morning or late afternoon is recommended. The fort offers stunning views of the sunrise and sunset. The golden light enhances the beauty of the surroundings. This time also helps avoid large crowds. Whether in winter, monsoon, or summer, Lohagad Fort offers a memorable trekking experience.

How to Reach

Lohagad Fort is easy to reach from both Mumbai and Pune. It is a popular spot for trekkers and history lovers. The fort is well-connected by road, rail, and air, making travel convenient.

By road, Lohagad is about 100 km from Mumbai and 60 km from Pune. Travelers can take the Mumbai-Pune Expressway to Lonavala and then drive to Malavli, the base village for the trek. Buses and taxis are available from Pune to Lonavala and Malavli. From Lonavala, auto-rickshaws and private taxis can take visitors to Malavli or Bhaja village. This reduces the trekking distance.

For those traveling by train, the nearest railway station is Malavli, just 5 km from the fort. Lonavala Railway Station, which is 10 km away, is a major stop on the Mumbai-Pune route. Visitors can take a local train from Lonavala to Malavli or hire a taxi.

The nearest airport is Pune International Airport, 70 km away. Visitors can take a bus, taxi, or train to Lonavala and Malavli. Mumbai’s Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, 100 km away, is another option. From Malavli, a scenic 5 km trek leads to the fort.

Exploring Nearby Places

Lohagad Fort is surrounded by numerous historical and natural attractions, making it an excellent destination for explorers and history enthusiasts. Just 2 km from Malavli, the Bhaja Caves date back to the 2nd century BC and feature stunning rock-cut stupas and intricate carvings. Nearby, Visapur Fort, standing at a higher elevation than Lohagad, offers a more challenging trek with rewarding panoramic views of the Western Ghats.

For those interested in ancient Buddhist architecture, the Karla Caves near Lonavala present beautifully preserved chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries) that reflect the region’s rich cultural heritage. The famous hill station of Lonavala is also close by, offering scenic landscapes, pleasant weather, and its signature sweet, chikki.

A visit to Lohagad Fort can easily be combined with these attractions, creating a perfect mix of adventure, history, and natural beauty. Whether you’re trekking through rugged trails, exploring ancient caves, or enjoying the serene ambiance of Lonavala, the region has something for everyone.

Why You Must Visit Lohagad Fort?

Lohagad Fort is not just a relic of the past—it’s a living symbol of resilience, architectural brilliance, and nature’s splendor. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an avid trekker, or someone looking to escape into the lap of nature, Lohagad offers an experience unlike any other. As you walk through its ancient pathways, touch its historic walls, and gaze from its mighty ramparts, you don’t just visit a fort—you travel back in time, embracing the stories that echo through its age-old stones.